As Trump Visits India: India's 200 Million Muslims Are Terrified of Being Deported By Abdus Sattar Ghazali Al-Jazeerah, CCUN, February 28, 2020

Hindu extremist attacks increased as a result of the Modi incitement against Indian Muslims, February 2020	Hindu extremist beating an Indian Muslim, February 2020

 

Hours before President Donald Trump’s arrival in India for a 36 hours visit on Monday, Foreign Affairs Magazine has launched a bitter criticism of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s controversial Citizenship Amendment Act.

The Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) coupled with a plan to implement a nationwide counting of citizenship (National Register of Citizens or NRC) by India's Hindu nationalist government has triggered widespread protests in India.

Foreign Affairs Magazine said that India’s 200 million Muslims are terrified of being deported because of CAA and NRC.

Puja Changoiwala of Foreign Affairs wrote: “Last December, India passed the CAA, which provides a route to citizenship to members of six religious minority communities from Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Afghanistan—but not for Muslims. Coupled with the NRC, a supposedly definitive list of Indian citizens, the provision is facing criticism for being anti-Muslim and unconstitutional. A similar list in Assam has already been used to single out Indian-born Muslims for potential deportation. And while members of other faiths now have the shield of the CAA as a route back into Indian citizenship if they’re branded as illegal by the NRC process, Muslims have no such respite. That’s a big problem. Even today,   38 percent of Indian children under the age of 5 do not have birth certificates.”

Government data shows that  6.8 million births were not registered in India in 2015-2016, and the situation is worse for older residents, who were born when home births were more prevalent in the country,” she said.

There’s a gulf between government rhetoric on the NRC and what critics believe—but the record of an increasingly hard-right Hindu nationalist government under the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) makes the government’s word seem dubious at best, the Foreign Affairs said adding: “There has been a systematic scapegoating of Muslims under BJP rule. Human Rights Watch published a report in 2019, observing that the party uses “communal rhetoric” to spur “a violent vigilante campaign,” whereby radical cow protection groups lynched 44 people to death, 36 of them Muslims, between May 2015 and December 2018. Prior to its landslide win in the 2019 elections, the BJP also used religious polarization as a campaigning tool, making promises such as the expedited construction of a temple in place of a demolished mosque in Ayodhya.”

After the CAA bill was signed into law, widespread protests erupted across the country, killing 25 people so far and leaving thousands in police detention. The government has downplayed the NRC, stating that it has no plans of conducting the NRC exercise across the country on religious lines.

“Since CAA is so discriminatory, it has given way to fear that even if people have their documents in place, they will be left out of NRC. Ordinary people think, and not without substance, that this is an attempt to rob them of their citizenship,” Zakia Soman, a co-founder of Bharatiya Muslim Mahila Andolan (bmma), a nationwide rights organization for Muslims told the Foreign Affairs

Nishat Hussain, the founder of the National Muslim Women Welfare Society in Jaipur, was quoted as saying many Muslims are apprehensive of the future and have joined protest marches to oppose the controversial CAA/NRC. She said many Muslims do have the basic, essential documents, such as passports and Aadhar cards, which have unique 12-digit identification numbers for Indian citizens. However, these might not be enough. “In Assam, many were left out of the NRC despite having these documents,” Hussain said. “They want decades-old documents, which are impossible to find.”

To help Muslims, the Karnataka State Board of Auqaf, a statutory body in southwestern India, has recently issued a circular to mosques, citing a need to prepare family profiles of all Muslims residing in their jurisdiction. It also calls on mosques to maintain registers with important documents of all Muslims, including birth and education certificates, voter ID cards, and ration cards, among others. The circular notes: “Controversies are reported regarding the inclusion and exclusion of names in the NRC. Recent survey conducted by various NGOs reveal that larger section of citizens of the minority community are deprived of the right to vote due to non-enrolment/updation in electoral rolls of various constituencies. Substantial number of citizens do not have the basic documents to prove their domicile in the locality.”

Here are headlines of Indian media about anti-CAA protests:

- Outlook India: Clashes Near Anti-CAA Protest in Delhi's Jaffrabad, Police Fire Tear Gas in Maujpur

- India Today: Delhi: Stone-pelting in Maujpur during CAA stir, police lob tear gas shells

- Indian Express: Stone-pelting near CAA protest site, DMRC closes 2 stations

- NVTV: In Delhi's Jaffrabad, over 1,000 women block road over CAA, back Bhim Army's strike call

- The Week: Jaffrabad anti-CAA protests: women block road connecting Seelampur with Maujpur and - -- - Yamuna Vihar; Delhi Metro shuts station

- Indian Express: Remove CAA protesters within 3 days or we won’t listen to you: BJP leader Kapil Mishra warns Police

- Indian Express: Aligarh: Man shot at by ‘miscreant’ amid clashes between police, anti-CAA protesters, net suspended

- India Today: Aligarh stone-pelting: DM blames women students of AMU, internet services snapped for 24 hours

- News18: Bharat Bandh Today: Bhim Army Chief's Call for Shutdown Gets Support in UP, Bihar & Delhi

- The Hindu: Anti-CAA arrests: Home Minister calls meeting of senior police officers today

- The Hindu: Shaheen Bagh protesters not to vacate site till CAA is revoked

- First Post: Assam to conduct survey of 'indigenous' Muslims: Experts term move divisive, say classification is undemocratic, unconstitutional

http://www.journalofamerica.net/2020/February-2020/Muslims-terrified/muslims-terrified.html

US Religious Freedom Commission says: CAA may lead to disenfranchisement of Indian Muslims

By Abdus-Sattar Ghazali

Days before US President Donald Trump's visit to India, the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) issued a bitter criticism of Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi's anti-Muslim Citizenship (Amendment) Act (CAA) which sparked large scale protests across India.

The controversial law provides a fast track to Indian citizenship for non-Muslim migrants from Afghanistan, Bangladesh, and Pakistan. Quickly after the CAA's passage, large scale protests broke out across India with the government instituting a violent crackdown against the protestors.

"In conjunction with a proposed nation-wide National Register of Citizens (NRC), there are fears that this law is part of an effort to create a religious test for Indian citizenship and could lead to the widespread disenfranchisement of Indian Muslims," the three-page USCIRF fact sheet emphasized.

The USCIRF quoted three United Nations Special Rapporteurs as saying that with the CAA in place, Muslims would primarily bear the punitive consequences of exclusion from the NRC which could include "statelessness, deportation, or prolonged detention."

The UN experts wer: Ahmed Shaheed, Special Rapporteur on freedom of religion or belief; Fernand de Varennes, Special Rapporteur on minority issues and Ms E. Tendayi Achiume, Special Rapporteur on contemporary forms of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance.

The USCIRF pointed out that the citizenship changes are coming in the context of the growing prominence of the BJP's Hindutva ideology which views India as a Hindu state and Islam as a foreign and invading religion.

"The CAA and NRC must also be understood in the context of the growing prominence of the BJP's Hindutva ideology. This ideological frame views India as a Hindu state (with its definition of Hinduism inclusive of Buddhists, Jains, and Sikhs) and Islam as a foreign and invading religion. Hindutva political rhetoric questions the legitimacy of Muslims' Indian citizenship and perpetuates the further marginalization of this faith community.

"The BJP Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh (UP) Yogi Adityanath, for example, promised in 2005 to cleanse India of other religions, calling this the "century of Hindutva." A BJP member of the UP Legislative Assembly further argued in January 2018 that India will become a purely Hindu nation by 2024 and all Muslims who do not assimilate to Hindu culture will need to leave the country. This perspective renders Indian Muslims particularly vulnerable to exclusion from a nationwide NRC, regardless of their citizenship status."

The U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) is an independent, bipartisan federal government entity established by the U.S. Congress to monitor, analyze and report on threats to religious freedom abroad. USCIRF makes foreign policy recommendations to the President, the Secretary of State and Congress intended to deter religious persecution and promote freedom of religion and belief.

 The Journal of America Team:  Editor in chief: Abdus Sattar Ghazali Senior Editor: Prof. Arthur Scott

Special Correspondent Maryam Turab  

http://www.journalofamerica.net/2020/February-2020/US-Freedom/us-freedom.html

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